Well, that didn’t take scammers long.

Two years ago, cryptocurrency scams were just emerging as a problem on BBB Scam Tracker, mostly a subset of investment scams. The Better Business Bureau didn’t add cryptocurrency as a scam category until 2019. It quickly shot up to become the second-riskiest scam, according to the “New Risks and Emerging Technologies: 2019 BBB Scam Tracker Risk Report.”

Although employment scams remained the riskiest for the second year in a row, the surprise in the data was cryptocurrency in the No. 2 spot, with a median dollar loss of $3,000. The report is based on data supplied by consumers to BBB Scam Tracker, BBB.org/ScamTracker, and uses the BBB Risk Index, an algorithm that calculates exposure, susceptibility and monetary loss to offer a more accurate assessment of scam risk.

“Scammers take advantage of newer technologies and changes in the marketplace,” said Melissa Lanning Trumpower, executive director of the BBB Institute for Marketplace Trust, which produced the report. “… Unfortunately, hype and heightened emotion can sometimes prevent consumers from doing their due diligence to investigate offers and exchange sites before making a purchase.”

Cryptocurrency scams occur when the virtual coins are purchased from, traded by, or stored with a person or exchange site that turns out to be fraudulent. Sometimes these digital assets are purchased as part of a fraudulent Initial Coin Offering, in which investors are scammed into paying money or trading digital assets for a company or product that never materializes.

According to the Risk Report, 68.5% of people who reported a cryptocurrency scam lost money, and nearly one-third of these losses, or 31.0%, involved the cryptocurrency exchange site C2CX. Additionally, 23.4% of individuals said they purchased cryptocurrency as an investment opportunity.

Unlike money stored in a traditional bank account, which is insured against theft, digital assets such as cryptocurrency cannot be retrieved and transactions cannot be reversed in the case of theft or cyber hacking.

“Scammers are opportunists,” Trumpower said. “Whatever is in the news or being talked about on social media, they see as an opening. Scammers will also imposter a recognizable and respected organization or brand.”

The 10 riskiest scams of 2019 were: employment, cryptocurrency, online purchase, fake checks/money orders, advance fee loan, romance, home improvement, investment, tech support and travel/vacation/timeshare.

For the full report, go to BBB.org/RiskReport.

To report a scam, go to BBB.org/ScamTracker. To learn more about different scam types, go to BBB.org/ScamTips.