As temperatures and daylight declines and people spend more time in enclosed spaces, the chance to spread illness grows — it’s the start of the cold and flu season for a reason.

So the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has issued some recommendations on using disinfectants safely and responsibly to help guard against the “bugs” that can be harbored indoors.

Disinfectants used on surfaces are classified as pesticides and regulated by both MDARD and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, MDARD advised in a news release. Before using any disinfectant, MDARD urges consumers to —

— Read the label to ensure the product is effective against the bacteria and virus that can make people sick.

— Follow all label directions carefully.

— Confirm the type of surface or area you plan to disinfect is listed on the product label.

— Use personal protective equipment when directed by the label.

— Apply the disinfectant to the surface or area for the length of time provided on the label.

— If specified on the product label, rinse food-contact surfaces with water that is safe to drink after applying the disinfectant.

When using and storing disinfectants —

— Never apply disinfectants to skin or ingest them.

— Do not combine or mix different cleaning products.

— Keep containers sealed and out of reach of children and pets when not in use.

— Always wash your hands with soap and water after using disinfectants or disinfectant wipes.

— Keep people and pets away from treated surfaces until dry.

— Routinely disinfect high-touch surfaces and handle waste responsibly.

Viruses, bacteria and other harmful microbes often linger on high-touch surfaces such as shopping cart handles, doorknobs and cell phones. While frequent handwashing remains the best defense, disinfectants can provide an important second layer of protection, according to MDARD.

Disinfectants used on surfaces must have an EPA registration number on the label, indicating they are proven effective against the viruses or bacteria listed or similar ones. In contrast, products for use on human skin, such as hand sanitizers and antiseptic wipes, are not considered pesticides, though label directions should still be followed.

MDARD’s Pesticide and Plant Pest Management Division is responsible for regulating the sale, use and disposal of pesticides in Michigan, ensuring they are used safely and in accordance with state and federal laws. This work plays an important role in supporting public health and ensuring the people of Michigan have the resources necessary to protect themselves against the spread of illness.

For more information about safe disinfectant use, go online to https://npic.orst.edu/videos/‌aapcc-chat.html.